2014年6月英语六级作文真题附范文(第3套):立刻得出结论

Abstract: Nematode is torturing a third of humans in the world as a medically crucial parasite, Filariasis and lymphatic filariasis are the two most common diseases caused by nematodes that nearly one million people are suffering. Studies have shown that ivermectin can effectively fight diseases caused by nematode parasites, and it will become a good weapon against malaria. This review introduces the research and development process of the ivermectin, which won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. Keywords: the Nobel Prize, the ivermectin, research and development history 1.Introduction Campbell, Omura, and Tuyou changed the treatment of parasitic diseases. Their discoveries and contribution to humanity are immeasurable around the world. The contributions of Omura and Campbell have led to the discovery of new drugs with good curative effects on parasitic diseases. Japanese microbiologist Tomura Omura is focused on streptomyces and furthermore selected the 50 most active strains as new sources of biologically active compounds. One of them later proved to be a source of Abamectin. William Campbell acquired a large number of Streptomyces strains from Omura to explore its efficacy, and proved that one of the strains was very effective against livestock parasites. This active substance was named as avermectin after purification, then it was named as ivermectin. Ivermectin was initially used as a veterinary drug, but was later found to be able to treat river blindness and lymphatic filariasis in humans and was widely distributed in Africa and Latin America. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine selection committee pointed out that the discovery of Abamectin fundamentally changed the treatment of parasitic diseases. About 200 million people are infected by malaria every year in the world. In the comprehensive treatment of malaria worldwide, ivermectin has reduced the mortality rate by at least 20% and the child mortality rate by 30%. In Africa alone, 100,000 people can be saved each year. 2. The development process of ivermectin 2.1 Development history of ivermectin as a veterinary drug In the early 1970s, Professor Omura Tomo of Japan's Kitari Research Institute cooperated with Merck Sharp